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TENNESSEE
FACTS AND FIGURES
Here are just a few basic tidbits of information about this great
state that we call home:
Volunteer State
Tennessee earned its nickname by its remarkable record of furnishing
volunteers in the War of 1812 and in the Mexican War. Tennessee also ranks
number one among other states in the total number of soldiers who fought
in the War Between the States.
Area
Tennessee is the 36th state in size, and contains 42,244 square miles
within its boundaries. The greatest distance from north to south is
approximately 120 miles, and from east to west is approximately 500 miles.
The state is divided into 95 counties.
Population
When Tennessee became a state in 1796, the total population was 77,000. In
1996, the state total was 5,319,654.
Government
Tennessee's first constitution was adopted in 1796, and amended in 1834
and 1870. The 1870 document stood unchanged until it was amended in 1953.
Subsequent amendments occurred in 1960, 1966, 1972 and 1978. The
constitution provides for three branches of government as follows:
Legislative: Tennessee's General Assembly consists of a Senate of
33 members and a House of Representatives of 99 members. These bodies
convene every January for a maximum period of 90 voting days within two
years. Special sessions can be called by the Governor.
Executive: The Governor is elected for a four-year term which may
be succeeded by an additional four-year term. The governor heads the
administrative branch which contains 22 separate departments, plus other
agencies and commissions. Commissioners from the major departments form
the Governor's Cabinet.
Judicial: The Supreme Court has a Chief Justice and four Associate
Justices. Tennessee also has three levels of lower courts:
intermediate,appellate, general trial courts, and courts of limited
jurisdiction Climate
Tennessee has a generally mild climate, but still enjoys the beauty of
four distinct seasons. Average summer temperatures are a high of 89
degrees F and a low of 67.5 degrees F. Average winter temperatures are a
high of 49.4 degrees F and a low of 30.4 degrees F.
Average annual rainfall is 49.69 inches. Average annual snowfall ranges
from 5.6 inches in Memphis to 16 inches in northeast Tennessee.
Agriculture
Tennessee's top agricultural products include cattle and calves, hardwood
lumber, dairy products, cotton, tobacco, poultry, nursery stock, fruits
and vegetables, hogs and pigs, soybeans and corn. Agricultural production
alone generates more than $2.4 billion annually in farm cash receipts.
Food manufacturing, marketing and distribution, forestry related
industries,equine and other agriculural products make the economic impact
much greater.
Farming and forestry dominate Tennessee's landscape with farm production
occurring on approximately 80,000 farms. About 11.8 million acres, or a
little less than one half of the state's land area, is in farms. Livestock
and livestock production account for about 41 percent of the total farm
cash receipts while crop sales account for the remainder. Both farm and
non-farm forest lands also account for more than 13.6 million acres.
Tennessee's forests produced timber to manufacture almost 840 million
board feet of hardwood lumber in 1993, making the state one of the leading
producers of hardwood lumber.
With a temperate climate and an abundant water supply in the state's major
geographical regions, Tennessee farmers produce a variety of food and
fiber products which help Tennessee live up to its official slogan,
"America at its best."
In and around hillsides, in the shadows of mountains and along the fertile
river valleys of East Tennessee are the beef cattle, dairy farms, tobacco
and vegetables so well suited to this type of terrain.
Middle Tennessee is made up of a dish-shaped basin rimmed with mountains
to the east, sloping off to rolling hills westward and bordered on either
side by the Tennessee River. The abundant rolling pasture lands make beef
cattle and dairy operations practical choices for the region. A variety of
row crops also flourish in Middle Tennessee, as does the "world's nursery
capital" in Warren County.
West Tennessee is a region of lush flatland created by the Mississippi
River's ancient flood plains. This region's agriculture centers around row
crop operations and the state's largest production of soybeans, wheat,
corn, cotton and sorghum traditionally come from the delta region. West
Tennessee's famous river city, Memphis, has long been known as a major
commodity transportation point.
Tennessee agriculture extends far beyond its boundaries. International
trade has a significant impact on Tennessee agriculture as exports of raw
agricultural commodities generally total more than $513 million annually.
Raw and processed agricultural and forest products are by far the state's
top export category totaling more than $2.1 billion combined.
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